Inside the Sun the magnetic field really is a torus — two rings encircling the rotation axis, wound by shear, surfacing as sunspots, reversing every eleven years.
Flows are coloured apart from the fields: coral turning, teal circulating, violet rising and sinking.
Turn all three on and use Camera → Sixth-density light to watch the two currents meet: silver in, light out.
* Speculative overlay — the Raian pyramid reading. Belt depth, belt thickness and loop shape are model choices, not measurements. See About.
† Ra Contact overlay — a time/space correspondence from Ra 41.4–41.6, drawn where space/time sunlight is born. It makes no claim on the solar physics. See About.
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This is the one place in the solar system where the torus is literal. The Sun's magnetic field, below the surface, is wound into two rings that encircle the rotation axis — one per hemisphere, carrying opposite polarity. The near hemisphere of the Sun is cut away so you can see them.
The winding is the thing to watch. Turn on Ω-effect winding and you see meridional field lines — lines running north to south — being dragged by differential rotation. The Sun turns faster at its equator than near its poles, so a line threaded through that shear gets stretched east-west until it closes on itself as a hoop. That is the Ω-effect, and the hoops it makes are the belts.
Everything runs on the eleven-year cycle. The belts build, migrate toward the equator, throw up loops that surface as sunspot pairs, and dissolve; then the field rebuilds with the polarities swapped. Two of those cycles — twenty-two years — make one full round trip, the Hale cycle.
The light we see begins as fusion in the core, inside about a quarter of the solar radius, where hydrogen becomes helium and gives up energy as gamma rays. That energy doesn't fly straight out. The radiative zone, from 0.25 to 0.7 of the radius, is so dense that a photon travels only a tiny distance before it's absorbed and sent off again in a random direction. Its path is a random walk, and the energy takes somewhere around tens of thousands to a hundred and seventy thousand years to cross that zone (estimates vary with the model).
Along the way the energy changes. Each absorption and re-emission happens in a slightly cooler layer, so the high-energy gamma rays are gradually traded for lower-energy light. In other words, the photon that leaves the Sun is a distant descendant of the energy made in the core, not the same photon.
At about 0.7 of the radius the gas becomes too opaque for radiation to carry the load, and the plasma takes over: hot material rises, releases its heat near the top, cools and sinks. Convection carries the energy the rest of the way comparatively quickly. At the photosphere, around 5,800 K, the gas finally turns transparent, and the light streams out. It reaches Earth eight minutes and twenty seconds later. Just under half of that energy is visible light; most of the rest is infrared, which is the warmth we feel on our skin.
Turn on Light's journey to the surface to watch it: amber motes wander the radiative zone, rise quickly through convection, and leave as cream-white light and soft ember-coloured warmth. The motes are energy, drawn as points; the sense of an age spent inside is the thing to notice.
Magnetic pressure makes a flux tube lighter than the plasma around it, so sections of the belt bow upward. Where a loop breaks the photosphere it leaves two dark marks — one where the field exits, one where it re-enters. That is why sunspots come in pairs, and why the leading spot in the northern hemisphere has the opposite polarity to the leading spot in the south.
The polarity orientation flips between hemispheres and flips again with each new cycle. That regularity is Hale's law, and it is the strongest observational evidence that the thing underneath is a ring rather than a tangle.
The Sun alternates between a poloidal field, running pole to pole like a bar magnet, and a toroidal field, the belts. Poloidal is what you see at solar minimum; toroidal is what produces the spots at maximum. Turn both overlays on and watch the cycle — one fades as the other builds.
What the solar wind carries out to the heliopause is the toroidal phase, unwound and stretched across the solar system. Turn on Parker spiral to see that handoff: the rotation of the footpoints inside a radially streaming wind draws the field into a spiral that is nearly azimuthal by the time it reaches the outer planets.
This is live and contested, so the model lets you move them.
The textbook position is the tachocline at about 0.7 solar radii — the thin shear layer where the rigidly rotating radiative interior meets the differentially rotating convection zone. That is the default here.
Vasil and colleagues argued in 2024 that helioseismology puts low-latitude torsional oscillations in the outer five to ten percent of the Sun — the near-surface shear layer — and that a magneto-rotational instability there better explains what is observed, with belt strengths of only 300 to 1,000 gauss. A January 2026 helioseismic analysis pushed back, finding butterfly-like behavior in the rotation gradient near the tachocline, and read that as favoring a deep-seated dynamo.
Unsettled, and being argued with data. The depth buttons let you see what each reading looks like.
The poloidal overlay follows the shape a potential-field source-surface model gives: closed loops rooted at low and mid latitudes, open field escaping from the polar coronal holes, and a source surface at two and a half solar radii where everything is forced radial. Past that line the wind takes over and the Parker spiral begins.
The open polar field is where the fast solar wind comes from, and it is the part of the Sun's field that reaches the heliopause. The closed loops hold their plasma and go nowhere.
The poloidal field is weak against the belts — a few gauss at the poles against hundreds or thousands in the toroidal bands — so the overlay is deliberately faint. Polar field strength is measured directly, and it is one of the better predictors of how strong the next cycle will be.
The three flows are coloured apart from the fields so the two kinds of structure don't blur together: coral for differential rotation, the azimuthal turning that winds the belts; teal for meridional circulation, the poloidal conveyor; violet for convection, the radial rising and sinking that carries the heat out. The fields stay in the gold and polarity colours.
Convection is drawn as alternating up and down plumes through the outer shell. Real convection is cellular — granules about a thousand kilometres across, supergranules thirty times larger — and the plumes here stand in for that rather than reproduce it. Whether large-scale convective cells exist deep in the zone at all is an open question; simulations predict more large-scale flow than observations find, which is known as the convective conundrum.
Meridional circulation is a separate overlay and a separate thing: poloidal flow rather than poloidal field. Material moves poleward near the surface at roughly twenty metres per second and returns equatorward near the base of the convection zone. In flux-transport dynamo models this is the conveyor that carries field from the sunspot latitudes to the poles and sets the length of the cycle. One cell per hemisphere is the standard picture; whether the real flow is single-celled or stacked is argued.
We cannot measure subsurface magnetic fields by helioseismology. Depth, strength and shape of the belts are all inferred from what surfaces and from flow patterns — so the tidy rings drawn here are a schematic of an inference, not a picture of a measurement.
Real emergence happens at many points along a belt at once, not from a handful of loops. The belts themselves are almost certainly fibril and ragged rather than smooth tubes. Differential rotation varies with depth as well as latitude, and only the latitude part is drawn. The winding here completes in one cycle for legibility; the real shear rate and the real field strengths are not to scale with each other.
The Sun's true color is white — the warm cream here follows how the photosphere is conventionally rendered, and how it looks through an atmosphere.
On the pyramid: the King's Chamber is placed north-south from Petrie's measurements, sixteen cubits from the pyramid's midline to the north wall and twenty-six to the south wall, with the chamber ten cubits deep and twenty wide. Its east-west displacement from the axis is left at zero here, because I have not found a figure I trust for it — the passage system is known to sit off the north-south axis, so treat the east-west placement as unset rather than measured. The Queen's Chamber and Position 2 are on the axis as the poloidal core model has them.
The scale slider runs from a pyramid buried inside the convection zone up to one that encloses the whole Sun. The Sun inside pyramid preset is the smallest scale at which the sphere clears all five planes at once — base, apex and the four slant faces. The base plane is the binding constraint, because the King's Chamber sits well below the pyramid's mid-height, so the base has further to travel than the apex. At that scale one solar radius comes to about 83 cubits and Position 2 lifts clear of the photosphere.
On the sixth-density light: Ra places this activity in time/space 41.4, so drawing it in the core is a correspondence of place — the core is where space/time sunlight is born, and that is where I have set its time/space counterpart. The paths of the arrival threads, their number, and the warm and cool tones are drawing choices; Ra gives no geometry. The motes' outward walk is sped up enormously, from on the order of a hundred thousand years to about a minute. The layer is deliberately uncoupled from the eleven-year cycle, since nothing in the physics ties the two together — the dynamo is the Logos's own breathing, and the sixth-density work goes on steadily beneath it. Ra also never says that Ra itself has taken part. The silver motes are about one in eight of the light motes, a proportion I chose so the portion is visible; Ra gives no figure. And the light's journey is compressed from on the order of a hundred thousand years to about twenty seconds, and its eight-minute crossing to Earth is slowed to about ten.
What Ra says. Ra describes the Sun physically as "a large body of gaseous elements undergoing the processes of fusion and radiating heat and light" 41.4. Metaphysically, Ra says, the Sun's meaning grows for fourth through seventh density, and by sixth density it "may be visited and inhabited by those dwelling in time/space, and may even be partially created from moment to moment by the processes of sixth-density entities in their evolution" 41.4. Some of these entities, "whose means of reproduction is fusion," perform it "as part of the beingness of the sun body" — so that "portions of the light that you receive" are "offspring of the generative expression of sixth-density love" 41.5. Ra places this in the latter portions of sixth density, among those "seeking the experiences of the gateway density" 41.6.
Two more passages fill it out. Fusion propagation in fifth and sixth density is "still based upon polarity" 32.8, and ~Ra describes sixth-density fusion as the complete melding of mind, body and spirit, felt as joy and delight each in the other's beingness 32.10. And Ra places itself in exactly this stage: "I am sixth density with a strong seeking towards seventh density" 14.19.
What the science says. Sunlight begins as hydrogen fusion in the core, inside roughly a quarter of the solar radius. That energy takes on the order of a hundred thousand years to random-walk out through the radiative zone (estimates range widely), then rises through the convection zone in weeks, and crosses to Earth in about eight minutes. Solar neutrino measurements — including Borexino's detection of the CNO cycle — agree closely with the standard solar model. In other words, there is no room for an unaccounted energy source in space/time, and the silver layer makes no claim on fusion rates.
My proposal: late sixth-density social memory complexes, Ra among them, fuse with the Solar Logos as part of their reproduction, so that their generative union becomes part of the Logos's own beingness. The light that reaches us carries both the Logos's design and the lived wisdom of beings who were once third density themselves. And since roughly half of sunlight's energy arrives as warmth, I take the warmth we feel on our skin as part of the same gift: the love of the Creator, received bodily, through light. Ra pairs light and love throughout — Ra says their search has become internalized "as we become light/love and love/light" 64.6 — and while Ra doesn't speak of warmth in 41.5, Ra does say "this Logos has a bias towards kindness" 90.21, and that where other Logoi "offered a neutral background against which to polarize," this one "chose not to do so but instead to allow more of the love and light of the Infinite Creator to be both inwardly and outwardly visible and available to the sensations and conceptualizations" of those in its care 90.23. Linking that to the warmth we feel is my step, but Ra gives it solid ground. And one physical detail gives this weight: because the light takes so long to escape the core, the sunlight falling on us across this whole 75,000-year cycle was begotten, roughly, before the cycle began.
The four movements. The arrival — paired indigo threads, one leaning violet and one leaning blue, drift in from beyond the frame. These are the late sixth-density beings themselves, drawn in indigo because Ra says "each density is of the metaphysical characteristic complex of its ray" 40.3, and the sixth ray is indigo. They pass through the photosphere without a ripple, because their crossing happens in time/space. The union — inside the cutaway the two tones meet at the core and meld into white: a steady glowing, moment to moment. The offspring — turn on Light's journey beside it. Most of the motes are the ordinary energy of fusion, in amber; a portion of them are silver. Both make the same long walk — the random walk of the radiative zone, the quick rise through convection — and leave the photosphere together. Ra says portions of the light we receive 41.5, so the silver is drawn as a portion, travelling among the rest and indistinguishable to the eye that receives it. The two currents — with all three on, indigo flows in while light flows out, meeting at the core. That is the descent of those who climbed the densities toward the Logos, met by the Logos's light moving out toward its sub-sub-Logoi, with concrescence where they meet. Camera → Sixth-density light pulls slowly in from the whole field to show it.
The 75,000-year structure in the Ra material resolves to precession and its twelfths, which is an Earth-axis cycle. It has no counterpart in the solar dynamo, whose longest detectable rhythms run to a couple of thousand years at most, so I still leave it out of the solar model. The sixth-density overlays stand on different ground: there Ra speaks about the Sun directly 41.4–41.6, and the drawing claims nothing about solar periodicity.
My proposal: the honest bridge between the Ra cycles and the archaeoastronomy interest runs through cosmic-ray shielding. The heliosphere blocks roughly seventy percent of galactic cosmic rays, and passages through denser interstellar clouds compress it and thin that shielding — a real mechanism on a tens-of-thousands-of-years timescale. It is a separate build.
I'm offering these thoughts for what they are worth.